SYMPTOM:
After attempting to upgrade a project from Strategy 8.0.3 to 8.1.x, the user gets the following Teradata-specific error in the update log:
>> Checking Project for changes ...
Error saving Function object `BetaDistribution`.
UNEXPECTED ERROR: (0x80041404) Database error <>: Execute Query failed. Error type: Odbc error. Odbc operation attempted: SQLExecDirect. The string contains an untranslatable character.
CAUSE:
This is because of the description for the out of the box BetaDistribution function. In Strategy 8.0.2 the description was very basic:

In Strategy 8.0.3, the description was expanded and was to include the alpha and beta characters. However, these are not in the actual description. Instead there are different characters displayed in place of the alpha and beta characters.

In Strategy 8.1.x, the beta symbol is actually displayed while the alpha symbol is just displayed as a lowercase 'a'.

The problem is with the metadata shell being originally created using a single byte script. The beta symbol is seen as a multi byte character that Teradata has a problem writing into the metadata. Teradata tries and fails to translate the character into a single byte character.
ACTION:
To resolve the issue, remove the beta symbol from the BetaDistribution function's description. After the symbol has been removed, retry the project upgrade.