SYMPTOM:
"Failed to create a connection to the database, insufficient information to connect to the data source" error is thrown when trying to connect to a database in Configuration Wizard 9.x and 10.x on Linux (GUI), when no username or password is supplied.
See the screenshot below for the error message:

CAUSE:
This error is an ODBC error that is thrown by the database when it does not receive any DB login information. This is a different scenario than using invalid login information which will throw a different error message.
ACTION:
Enter a username and password into the appropriate fields and try logging in again.